Characteristics Of Prostate Cancer - 898 Words

There are some tumors found to be primarily relying on FAO for development and survival. Prostate cancer suggested to has a characteristic of low a glycolysis rate and poor avidity to FDG 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose with positron emission tomography, that is using as diagnostic, staging, and a monitoring therapy tool for several malignant tumors (9). Recent studies indicated that prostate cancer cells have a low glucose consumption rate and exhibiting changes of fatty acid metabolism for cancer cell proliferation and growth, also stated that glucose transporters (GLUT1) were found with low expression levels in human prostate cancer cells (9,10). Another observation was proposed by a study in which the inhibition of CPTI activity using safe†¦show more content†¦FAO produces a molecule of acetyl CoA in each oxidation cycle and two after full completed cycles. The resulted acetyl CoA is the major requirement for producing the reduced NADP+ in which the generated acetyl CoA enter s the TCA cycle and with the availability of oxaloacetate provides citrate that can be export to the cytoplasm. The citrate then enters two reactions to produce cytosolic NADPH (1,3,12). These reactions include the conversion of malate to pyruvate that is catalyzed by malic enzyme (ME1) and the oxidation of isocitrate to ÃŽ ±-ketoglutarate by isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1) (1,3,12). The produced cytosolic NADPH from FAO acts to sustain the antioxidant system against oxidative stress and to promote cancer cell survival. For instance, during severe oxidative stress the accumulation of oxygen reactive species (ROS) leads to cell death, cytosolic NADPH counteracts ROS by maintaining the reduced form of glutathione (GSH) thereby promoting cancer cell survival (12). In addition, the produced cytosolic NADPH from FAO targets ROS-induced oxidative damage to prevent disrupting mitochondrial and glycolytic ATP production. For example, in a study using SF188 glioblastoma cells the inhibition of FAO by CPTI inhibitor etomoxir hindered NADPH production and resulted in significantly increased of superoxide level in etomoxir treated cells, ATP depletion, and eventually cell death (12). AShow MoreRelatedRisks of PSA Testing Essay1595 Words   |  7 Pagesdeveloping cancer, and 10 ng/ml is a 50% risk of cancer. However, some men with normal PSA levels still have prostate cancer, while other men with high PSA levels do not. PSA levels increase with age often due to a higher prevalence of benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH). Therefore, no PSA cutoff can accurately guarantee that a man does not have prostate cancer. PSA blood levels are used for several different purposes such as to diagnose prostate cancer, evaluate treatment of prostate cancer, and toRead MoreCharacteristics Prostatic Specific Antigen ( Psa )1547 Words   |  7 Pages5.0 Laboratory Tests 5.1 Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Table 2: Summary of characteristics Prostatic Specific Antigen (PSA) Characteristic Data Comments Classification PSA is a glycoprotein produced by the prostate epithelial cells Cancer may elevate levels both from increased production and because tissue barriers between the gland lumen and vascular bed are disrupted. PSA Levels PSA has a half-life of 2.2 days and elevated levels vary in recovery depending on the cause of the elevation PSA elevationRead MoreProstate Cancer and PSA Testing Essay1252 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer affecting men and the second leading cause of cancer death among American men (Qaseem, Denberg, Owens, Shekelle, 2013). Medical professionals have been using prostate specific antigen (PSA) screenings along with digital rectal exam (DRE) for many years to screen for prostate cancer. PSA was first identified in 1966 in semen, followed by the identification of PSA in blood in 1979. The PSA test has been approved for use since 1994 to detectRead MoreBackground and History of Prostate Cancer1211 Words   |  5 PagesHistory In 2013 there were 238,500 new cases of Prostate Cancer diagnosed in the United Sates, and about 29,700 of the cases will die from it according to WebMD.com. Prostate Cancer is the most non-skin related cancer in the United States. Prostate cancer is the formation of cancerous cells in the prostate of the male’s reproductive organ. Prostate cancer is a slow progressing disease, and most men only die once they have reached old age. Because the prostate is in close proximity to other organs, it alsoRead MoreWhat Are The Diagnostic Value Of The Dre?1216 Words   |  5 Pagesdifficulty in starting to urinate and a poor urinary stream. His GP performed a DRE, which revealed masses in both lobes of the prostate (clinical stage T2C) His GP took a serum sample for PSA and referred him to a urologist. PART A Question 1: Comment on the patient’s presenting symptoms. The patient’s symptoms indicate signs of advanced prostate cancer, â€Å"prostate cancer seldom produces signs and symptoms until it is advanced. Signs of advanced disease include a slow urinary stream†¦urinary hesitancyRead MoreRenal Cell Carcinoma Of The Kidney Essay1091 Words   |  5 PagesThe most common genitourinary cancers are, renal cell carcinoma of the kidney, transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, and adenocarcinoma of the prostat. 1- Renal cell carcinoma, the most common cancer of the kidney, accounts for approximately 90% of all renal malignancies. About 65,000 cases of renal cell carcinoma are diagnosed each year in the U.S. Despite advances in diagnosis, especially improved imaging techniques and the incidental diagnosis of many tumors with imaging tests for unrelatedRead MoreRenal Cell Carcinoma Of The Kidney Cancer Essay1470 Words   |  6 PagesThe most common genitourinary cancers include, renal cell carcinoma of the kidney, transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, and adenocarcinoma of the prostate. 1- Renal cell carcinoma, is the most common cancer of the kidney, accounts for approximately 90% of all renal malignancies. About 65,000 cases of renal cell carcinoma are diagnosed each year in the U.S. Despite advances in diagnosis, especially improved imaging techniques and the incidental diagnosis of many tumors with imaging tests forRead MoreEssay On Cancer In The African American Community1631 Words   |  7 Pages Cancer in the African American Community Vs. Caucasian Community Justen Hudson Professor Frazier November 16, 2017 Abstract Declining cancer incidence and mortality rates in the United States have continued through the first decade of the twenty-first century. However, Black Americans continue to have the higher cancer mortality rates and shorter survival times. This review discusses and compares only breast and prostate cancer mortality rates and mortality trends for BlacksRead MoreNon Technical Summary : Prostate Cancer866 Words   |  4 PagesNON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common solid malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death in men, however, a large number of newly diagnosed PCa are indolent. Patients with indolent PCa have to undergo similar treatment as aggressive PCa and suffer from cost and side effect of treatment, compromising the quality of life and potential morbidity without any benefit. FDA has approved Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) assessment for screening for PCa. However, ubiquitousRead MoreUsing The Method Of S21343 Words   |  6 PagesThe prostate–specific antigen- tested group demonstrated the users of Met, compared to nonusers had a decreased PCa risk as well (OR: 0.66; 95% CI, 0.51-0.86). Diabetics with no medication (aOR: 1.03; 95% CI, 0.86-1.24), other diabetic medication (aOR: 0.92; 95% CI, 0.70-1.20) and insulin users (aOR: 0.83; 95% CI, 0.56-1.24) demonstrated no significant PCa risk. Study 3 The Name of study 3 is: â€Å"Age-Adjusted PSA Levels in Prostate Cancer Prediction: Updated Results of the Tyrol Prostate Cancer

The Impact of Technology on the Critical Thinking of...

Chapter One: Introduction Background A university is a tertiary institution of higher learning, where persons go to obtain academic degrees and certificates in a variety of career paths. This level of educational training requires critical thinking and analytical skills. A person who is pursuing a degree or has received a degree in any subject area is expected to behave or operate in a manner that is different from a person who has not matriculated to this level. Although this is what is expected, over time behavioural patterns have shown that this is not the case. The argument is that, university students seem to be spending a great amount of time on their technological devices engaging in activities that does not stimulate critical thinking. According to Wolpert (2009), â€Å"technology plays an important role in our lives; however, skills such as critical thinking and analysis have been declining.† Wolpert further stated that â€Å"reading for pleasure, which is one of the things that should help youths in their thinking and imagination has declined.† Students are rarely read books or any form of literature that would have helped to improve their critical thinking skills. Furthermore Kurland (2000) posits that critical thinking speaks to relying on reason rather than emotion; the influence of motives and bias are measured, and all reasonable inferences are evaluated. In addition, the Foundation for Critical Thinking (2011), cited Glaser’s (1941), definition of critical thinking asShow MoreRelatedWhat Are Icts and What Types of Icts Are Commonly Used in Education?6247 Words   |  25 PagesWhat are ICTs and what types of ICTs are commonly used in education? ICTs stand for information and communication technologies and are defined, for the purposes of this primer, as a â€Å"diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, and to create, disseminate, store, and manage information.† These technologies include computers, the Internet, broadcasting technologies (radio and television), and telephony. In recent years there has been a groundswell of interest in how computersRead MoreImportance of Science Education5289 Words   |  22 Pagesscientific research and technological development. Taxila (6th century BC) one of the earliest universities in the world, attracted students from across the continents. Major fields of study at Taxila included mathematics, astronomy, medicine, surgery and metallurgy. Unfortunately, most of the knowledge was lost during the medieval period. The glorious tradition of original thinking, adventure of ideas and creative innovations was completely snapped. SCIENCE AND SCIENCE EDUCATION DURING THE BRITISH RULERead MoreLearning Environment and the Academic Performance of Secondary School Students in Akwa-Ibom State11343 Words   |  46 PagesThis is the reason that a government invests heavily in the education of her citizens. Secondary education, a sub-set of the education level, is very necessary in human capital formation. It is the supply base from which tertiary institutions draw their major clientele (students) for admission into their different programmes. It, therefore, presupposes that the provision of qualitative education is the sine qua non for the attainment of the goals of secondary education. Nevertheless, the main objectivesRead MoreOverseas Education: Opportunities, Experience and Quality7263 Words   |  30 PagesExperience of Overseas Students Maria Pereda (deceased) David Airey (d.airey@surrey.ac.uk) and Marion Bennett (m.bennett@surrey.ac.uk) Faculty of Management and Law, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH  ©Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education Abstract The higher education of students has become increasingly internationalised, with an evergrowing proportion of students originating from overseas. However, research to date suggests that overseas students are often less satisfiedRead MoreThe Effect Of Practical Work On Students Performance9732 Words   |  39 Pages EFFECT OF PRACTICAL WORK ON STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE IN PHYSICS AT SECONDARY SCHOOL LEVEL IN MURANG’A EAST SUB-COUNTY, KENYA. MUCHAI AUGUSTINE NG’ETHE REG. No. E83/20087/2012 A RESEARCH THESIS SUBMITTED IN FULFILLMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE SCHOOL OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGY OF KENYATTA UNIVERSITY JANUARY 2014 DECLARATION I declare that this research thesis is my original work and has not been presented for a degree in anyRead MoreThe Effects Of Sleep Deprivation Among College Students3363 Words   |  14 Pages The Effects of Sleep Deprivation among College Students: A Psychological and Sociological Approach Integrative Project: Final Submission Synthia Paramathypathy Marianopolis College Sleep plays a major role in people s lives. Evidence has shown that enough sleep promotes good health and well-being (Ojikutu, R. 2010). It plays a key role in maintaining a healthy brain function,in helping to establish emotional well-being, and in improving overall health since it repairs the heart and bloodRead MoreThe Retention And Succession Planning3788 Words   |  16 Pageset al., 2011). Thus, this is one potential approach to both nursing retention and succession. From the perspective of leadership, authors Cabral, Hanson, and Reilly (2016) reiterate the fact that the performance of nursing supervisors directly impacts the satisfaction of their staff. Stress increases with poor relationships, while satisfaction decreases. Certainly, it is in the best interest of leaders to pursue quality relationships with their staff members to promote satisfaction and retentionRead MoreInventory Management System of a Printing Press in Dagupan City13913 Words   |  56 Pagesreduce unproductive inventory by allowing stores to manage their own stocks, reducing pack sizes across many product categories, and timely price markdowns. Instead of cutting inventory across the board, Wal-Mart made full use of its  Information Technology (IT) capabilities  to make more inventories available in the case of items that customers wanted most. The Company entered into collaboration with Pamp;G for maintaining the inventory in its stores and built an  automated re- ordering system. AlsoRead MoreThesis About English Proficiency Among Bshrm Students10781 Words   |  44 PagesLevel of English Proficiency and Communication Skills among BSHRM CSTA Students: an Assessment A Thesis Proposal Presented to the Faculty of the Colegio De Sta. Teresa De Avila Foundation Inc. In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of Degree Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management By: Wendell Galapate Mau Bryan Calimlim Alvin Pancito Robert Charles Magno Rodrigo Tinaja Jr. Heizel Bisnan Lea Sojor Jenelyn Soriano Aisha Valencia Clarisse Hipolito Ian VictoRead MoreEffect of Ict on the Academic Performance of Students8894 Words   |  36 PagesInformation and communication technology (ICT) is an instructional technology to enhance teaching and learning in pre schools, it is the application of organized or scientific knowledge to practical tasks of teaching and learning in pre-schools. According to Akinola and Aremu, (2000) instructional technologies incorporate the tools and making present support to reinforce teaching and learning on pre schools pupils. Technology is this respect involves broad based technology including it methods, management

Places Around the World Are Getting More and More Similar free essay sample

In the past,people used to travel to many places to see the differences from their home country. Now all the places around the world are getting more and more similar. What is the cause of this simailarity? Do you think that the advantage of thissimilarity overweigh the disadvantages? Recently ,lack of unique place to travel has become a top discussions in our daily life. It will be disappointed for people who expect to find a difference of their own country. In my opinion,the most important factor of this issue may be globalization,and globalization certainly has the potential to bring about great advance for humankind. Nowadays,in tourist areas of the developing world we can follow a growing international trend in many aspects,and also I believe it is a good way for our social development. For example,many modern buildings,especially skyscrapers with glass walls are being erected here and there,and some of them even become the symbols of a city around the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Places Around the World Are Getting More and More Similar or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Clearly,this is an unavoidable trend. It should not only can house more people and host more office,but also can make valuable tourist resource.In other side,we can also observe a changing happened in leisure time pursuits and culture exchange. Chinese youths shopping at department store in Shanghai,hang out in club over a glass of beer in much the same way that their American counterparts do in NewYork. The third one is that television and internet as very powerful medium of influence over large populations. Younger generations the world over who can through these mordern technologies often encounter the same media such as advertisements,films,TV chanels popular brands and so on.At the same time,many argue that the costs of globalization are too high and that differences between countries and communitices need to be maintained before we quickly and completely lose all sense of who we are,where we came from and what choice are still available to us. After all,historic places provide a physical link to our past. In sum up,only by further developing the way in which we manmage our societies can we make sure that those currently not in control of globalization can make their voices heard in the political processes affecting the rang of their own personal choices.

Philemon Essays - Epistle To Philemon, Slavery In Ancient Rome

Philemon The letter of Philemon was written by Paul the apostle along with Timothy. Paul was definitely the author and nothing needs to confirm that. The ?external testimony is unimpeachable.? (Smith, p.510) The letter was written to Philemon on behalf of Onesimus. Philemon lived in Colosse and we know this because Onesimus was also Colossian which is confirmed in Colossians 4:9. Philemon was a man of property and influence. It is not known exactly how he knew Paul though.(Smith, p.509) Paul did address others in the letter. One of which was Apphia, a Christian woman. She was a member of Philemon's household and may have been his wife.(Smith, p.47) It also includes Archippus who was a Christian teacher in Colosse. He is also mentioned in the book of Colossians. Archippus might have also been a member of Philemon's household.(Smith, p.51) Some believe that Paul did not intend this to be a personal letter. They base this assumption on the fact that he addressed other people.(Tenney, p.753) Philemon lived in Colosse at the time, and as I mentioned before, we know that because of Paul's final greetings toward some of the Colossian people mentioned in both Philemon and Colossians. Paul wrote this letter during his first imprisonment in Rome. The dates range from A.D. 63 to A.D. 64. We know that he was in prison in Rome because of some of the things mentioned in this book (Philemon vs. 13,23) and once again because of the similarities with the book of Colossians. Others believe that Paul may have been in Ephesus at this time. When Paul mentioned that he wanted to stay with Philemon, that request was congruent with the plans he made during his Ephesian ministry to visit the Lycus valley.(Tenney, p.755) During the time that this letter was written, slavery was very common. Most of these slaves had been captured in wars. Masters were totally in control. If a slave were to steal something, he might be branded on his forehead with ?CF? for Cave Furem which means ?Beware of Thief.? He could also be put to death.(Wight, p.292) The Apostles did not do much to overcome slavery. They just kept preaching Biblical principals. ?Paul's letter to Philemon has, no doubt, done more to overcome slavery than any other document ever written.?(Wight, p.293) Roman law also stated that ?whoever gave hospitality to a runaway slave was liable to the slave's master for the value of each day's work lost.?(Tenney, p.753) That could be a reason why Paul said he would repay Philemon's losses. The book of Philemon was actually written on behalf of another person. Paul wrote this letter in order to ask Philemon to accept Onesimus back into his household. ?I appeal to you for my son Onesimus.? (Phil.10) Onesimus was a slave of Philemon's. It is not known exactly why he left Philemon. Some think he left just so he could have freedom. Others are sure he stole something from Philemon. (Smith, p.510) During Paul's imprisonment in Rome, Onesimus was with him. Paul was able to witness to him and he was converted to Christianity. Because of this, Onesimus knew he had to return to Philemon and place himself at Philemon's disposal once again. Paul acted as a mediator in his situation. He did this in order to help both Onesimus and Philemon.(Tenney, p.756) The letter was written on behalf of Onesimus. Paul wanted Philemon to accept Onesimus back because he was no longer just a servant, but a brother in Christ. One of the themes of Philemon has to do with slavery. Paul was hoping that God would speak to people after they read this letter and that they would want to end slavery. Paul was also hoping that Philemon would accept Onesimus back into his home. He did not force Philemon to do this. He was, rather, wanting Philemon to take him back out of love. Paul made it clear that for whatever wrongs Onesimus had caused to Philemon, he (Paul) would repay all the debts. The letter of Philemon begins with greetings from Paul and Timothy to Philemon, his church, and his household. It also continues with Paul thanking God for Philemon's faith. It also encourages Philemon to be active in sharing his faith. The next section of the book has Paul making a request. He wants Philemon to accept Onesimus. He does not force Philemon to do this, even though he could. He wants Philemon to do it out of love. He tells Philemon that Onesimus