Business ethic reflective essay Essay

It was probably in 2010, I was an agent in an assurance company. My duties was managing and servicing our organization’s existing corporate client portfolio that has been assigned to me. One of our company product called Saving Plan what pay an amount of money monthly or yearly up to 6 years, the annual will received 6% interest and consumer can take their money back after they complete the 6 years payment. As we know, every product might have some weaknesses while it benefits us. It is commonly that company or sales man will try to minimize the weakness of product while they promote it. But what I did wrong was that I did never mention the product weakness to customer that they will only get the best return (interest) after 25 years when they completed payment for 6 years saving plan, what I thought the saving plan as a force to consumer get use to save money and whoever buy the saving plan they will always get their money back at the end if they complete the payment. My conc ern was close cases at that time. In fact, It was kind of ethic problem when I promoted products but did not let customers understand all about it. Once I heard complain from customer I felt so guilty of myself that I had hidden from my customers. I felt shame to face my customer. I felt that was unfair to my customers and I used customer’s belief to gain my own profit. I thought it will not have any lose for my customers even I did not tell the limitation of the product cause after customer complete the saving plan, they could take their money back at anytime, but customers will only get their return of this investment after 25 years when policy mature. As it tend to depend on the economy, the saving plan may not make profit for customers. This lesson has taught me how to be an ethic person. We could put ourselves as consumers that we will always wish to know the truth and we have the right. I will never do this again in my life, trust is very important and to build a trust will always get back our customers. I would like to explain and analysis all to my customer. I wish I can be a ethic person wherever I am and whatever I do.

Why Standardized Tests Are Ineffective at Measuring a Student’s Capabilities

A Test Destined For Failure In America, standardized testing has become a prevalent method for testing the educational ability of students. Tests such as the SAT for College and the California STAR for elementary and junior high students have been administered since the beginning of the 20th century. These tests are often considered by many as crucial for the academic progression of students into further education, such as an elementary student being promoted from third to fourth grade or a high school senior applying to college. However, standardized tests have setbacks which could jeopardize a student’s future academic progression given he/she fails to pass. Therefore, I believe standardized tests are ineffective at measuring a student’s capabilities and hence interfere with true academic learning. Standardized tests assess the capability of the student to react to the test in an appropriate manner. It does not factor in true knowledge retention, the key element to a successful academic exam. Students who are faced with any form of disadvantage are most drastically affected by the consequences of standardized testing. The National Center for Fair and Open Testing (FairTest) calls these tests â€Å"very inaccurate and encourage the use of overly academic, developmentally inappropriate primary schooling. † â€Å"Inappropriate schooling† is described as â€Å"schooling not appropriate to the child's emotional, social or intellectual development and to the variation in children's development. † Students who are incapable of possessing necessary test-taking skills such as focusing for long durations, budgeting time, etc†¦ fail these tests while their true knowledge of the material may prove otherwise. Students who rely on rote memorization and superficial knowledge pass the test when in fact they should not. Standardized tests are commonly and widely criticized for their bias towards children of â€Å"privileged background[s]† who more likely than others possess â€Å"a set of knowledge and skills† that result in higher scores. Alfie Kohn, an author on education writes â€Å"affluent families, schools, and districts are better able to afford [test preparation materials], and the most effective versions of such [materials]. It is fair to say then, that those receiving a poorer quality education will be at a significant disadvantage compared to those who can or already received quality instruction and education related to the test. Charles Murray, a former Harvard graduate writes in his article â€Å"Abolish the SAT† for the journal The American,† The SAT test isn't the problem. The children of the well educated and affluent get most of the top scores bec ause they constitute most of the smartest kids. They are smart not because their parents are well educated, but because their parents are smart. † Murray summarizes his whole point with a bold claim, â€Å"if you’re rich, you can buy your kids a high SAT score. † Although the topic of standardized testing is widely debated and argued, the notion of such an important test with many innate flaws existing in the education system is shocking and appalling to many. Standardized tests were created to assess a student’s true academic potential. However, the variables and factors that influence these tests cause standardized testing throughout the world to be ineffective at that task. Works Cited FairTest. â€Å"How Standardized Testing Damages Education. † FairTest. The National Center for Fair and Open Testing, 20 Aug. 2007. Web. 9 Sept. 2011. . Kohn, Alfie. â€Å"Standardized Testing and Its Victims. † Education Week. Alfie Kohn, 27 Sept. 2000. Web. 9 Sept. 2011. . Murray, Charles. â€Å"Abolish the SAT. † The American. The Journal of the American Enterprise Institute, July 2007. Web. 9 Sept. 2011. .

Difficult Language situation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Difficult Language situation - Essay Example My friends had gone on to shop in other areas of the store so I was alone. It was a very crowded, busy time at the bakery so the line was long. When I got close to the front of the line, I tried to read the names of the different types of sweet cakes. I did not recognize any of the names. They looked like they were actually written in another language than English. I do not remember many of the names but one was canole and the other gnocchi. I realized that I could not say any of the names of sweet cakes. I tried to listen to how the other shoppers in line said the names and how they ordered, but so many people were talking at one time, I could not hear clearly. I started to get nervous when the person in line in front of me stepped up to make her order. She walked to the glass case and pointed to the sweet cakes and said, â€Å"Give me a dozen.† The baker picked up a handful of sweets and placed them in a small white box. I knew that I did not want a dozen of anything. I deci ded that I would just point to the sweet cake I wanted and would say, â€Å"Two.† When it was my turn I stuck with my plan. But the baker didn’t get my sweet cake. She said, â€Å"Which one?† She could not see what I was pointing at. I pointed again and said, â€Å"Down here.† She waited a moment and then grabbed two sweets. They were not the ones I was pointing at but I did not say anything. I took my sweet cakes and ate them. They were not the ones that I wanted but they were very good. This whole encounter with the baker was frustrating and made me nervous. I wanted to be able to say the names of the sweet cakes but I could not. I felt inferior after the encounter. I realized that I could not just imitate what other people said. I had to really understand what I was saying. I do not want to feel embarrassed because of my language anymore so I am improving. Another encounter I had was with a cab driver that was from

Sustainable Tourism with Antalya Personal Statement

Sustainable Tourism with Antalya - Personal Statement Example The poor environmental management programmes that cause heavy damage to the natural resources are other set of issues that was brought to my focus following a review of literature and analyzing other articles on tourism. Further, a total refinement of the research took place after a discussion with my tutor who helped to stretch my imagination and comprehension. The basic approach suggested to me was to have a clear understanding about the term "sustainable development". I was asked to have a thorough analysis of book edited by Brundland that narrated what sustainable development should represent. This book, which turned out be the corner stone for all sustainable development practices across the globe, had given much needed impetus into the research process. This helped to identify the more specific aspect of the research like the impact on the socio-economic, cultural and ecological issues in the region of the study with respect to the tourism development. The reflective learning p rocess that I had with the tutor on the research process design was the important factor that contributed to the successful completion of the research activity. The research process undertaken has given a variety of learning experience besides the success that was achieved in the attaining the project objective. It varied from the realization of own capabilities, the approaches to improve my own information level, understanding the role of secondary sources for improving our conceptual understanding and equipping me to draw appropriate inferences and conclusion from any process. The research on Sustainable Development of Antalya had given me an opportunity to experience all aspect of cognitive - transformative learning and also learning from reflection (Moon, 6-7). The initial idea that I had from the intuition and imagination was the basis of the process. Though I was trying to design various courses of action in this manner, it was soon realized that that inadequate information levels caused severe problems on the design of the research structure. This was eliminated when I had discussion with the tutor and the reflection that I received from him changed the perception of the approach. It gave me more insight to the preparation of the initial road map for the entire process. Further, I soon realized that most of the interfaces that I would have made with the initial set of observation would have been more on my judgment rather than on real aspect of the fact. Similar set of experiences was also reported in the study related to the learning experience of medical students. It is reported that students who were more involved with the reflection based learning showed marked improvement in their learning skills (Andrew, 391-391, Yokawa, 44-49). Thus the reflective learning has helped me to understand the role of realty, values and action in the process of making judgments. The deep learning from discussion and experience from the other was another major learning experience that I had through this research. The importance of understanding the basis of any sustainable tourism initiatives was obtained from enquiry into reported literature on the theories proposed. Thus need for careful observation into the facts that are needed to supplement our observation and the importance

ESTABLISHING A REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION CENTRE IN THE UAE Assignment

ESTABLISHING A REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION CENTRE IN THE UAE - Assignment Example Even if they do not have their own fleet available to them, they should be able to hire other transportation companies to do the jobs for them. Our logistic distribution center must be able to provide inbound and outbound traffic control, the route optimization services, delivery using multiple mechanisms of transport and payment services. There are in fact various business intelligence tools that come into play when we are dealing with the transportation management. When we are considering other factors for our choice of company for the regional distribution center, we need to evaluate the performance of the candidate company based on, on time delivery, cost adherence to supplier’s adherence. Selecting the best carrier for the project would be an efficient choice. When we are analyzing, we need to consider the factor of supply compliance analysis. It has often been observed in the supply chain management that the goods are sometimes delayed. They are not delivered on time. And sometimes they get delivered or shipped more than the expected amount. There can be different factors that can contribute to that operation such as customs and tax evasions. The point in evaluating the logistic support must take into consideration the leverage that the company offers. There needs to be flexibility in the company to cater for the contingencies. The factor being considered here is that the performance of the logistic company should have an inspiring history. Where this will help in different aspects of the business, it will help in developing the long term career relationships. Which are more useful o us than to them as we will be the one looking for some regional personnel who could provide services. The importance of this factor cannot be overemphasized. We need to calculate the time span between the placement of order and the actual shipment of delivery. Again, this factor will be thoroughly analyzed for the new logistic company. The cycle time analysis will

Cross-Cultural Management of Australia and China Essay

Cross-Cultural Management of Australia and China - Essay Example This paper illustrates that the Australian company should familiarise itself with these cultural values in order to foster success in China as a new target market. An Australian automobile firm -Holden invest- is considering China as a new market for its products. In order to increase its chances of success, it is imperative to do a cross-cultural analysis of these two countries. This will enable managers and stakeholders from Holden to first understand themselves and their own cultural perspectives. Thereafter, they may also understand the values of the Chinese partners that they plan to do business with. China is now Australia’s largest trading partner; this indicates that the automobile firm under consideration could draw a lot of lessons from other Australian’s experiences in China. Primary languages spoken in both countries are radically different since most Chinese speakers use Mandarin while Australians speak English. A number of Chinese residents have learned th e English language; however, translation difficulties may arise due to colloquialisms in Australia. In China, Confucianism dominates religious thought and has political connotations. This explains why religious tolerance may not be firmly adhered to. On the other hand, Australians are predominantly Christian but resolutely believe in the separation of religion from politics. Many individuals consider Chinese people as rule-followers who fear breakage of rules. This stems from their fear of authority as well as the severe repercussions they might face if they do not abide by them. Conversely, Australians are rule makers and usually speak openly about their discontentment about certain issues.

Cyprus Agency of Quality Assurance and Accreditation Essay

Cyprus Agency of Quality Assurance and Accreditation - Essay Example In the United States, most of the control over education rests with the various state governments. Each state has different laws and objectives for education, but the states generally permit schools and colleges to operate with considerable independence and autonomy. As a result, American educational institutions can vary widely in the type and quality of their programs. To maintain consistent standards of education, the U.S. Department of Education has recognized private accrediting agencies whom it considers reliable, to develop the standards and accrediting procedures. Most other countries do not have a system of accreditation such as that used in the United States. Instead, they rely primarily on governmental agencies to monitor the quality of education provided by their schools and colleges. In Cyprus, however, private educational associations increasingly work with provincial governmental authorities to periodically assess the quality of colleges and universities. According to Babylon English-English, accreditation is a provision of credentials, delegation of authority; authorization, recognition of (school, a program of learning), http://dictionary.babylon.com/Accreditation A. It is the act of granting credit or recognition (especially with respect to educational institution that maintains suitable standards); "a commission is responsible for the accreditation of medical schools" Institutional accreditation indicates that an entire institution has met certain standards of educational quality. Institutional accreditation suggests that each of an institution’s parts—such as its academic departments or degree programs—contributes to the achievement of the institution’s main educational objectives. Most of the regional and national accrediting associations perform institutional accreditation.

Business Information Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business Information Systems - Essay Example As the demand for BMW products increases, the firm has benefited from a positive relationship with its customers including non boat owners. To ensure that its operations are smooth and that the needs of its customers are met, BMW emulates various departments that include finance, warehousing, manufacturing, human resources, marketing, and distribution among others. In order to remain competitive in the UK market, the company has embarked on an expansion plan that will result to increased number of investors. In addition, the company has embarked on adoption of technology that will be vital in curbing the various problems that are currently been experienced in the manufacturing, design, human resources and customer care departments. This paper seeks to discuss how BMW can use technology to address managerial and other issues that is affecting its operations. Enterprises Resource Planning (ERP) One of the major issues that are experienced in the warehouses is the uncertainty in the del ivery of raw materials. As a result, the workers in the production facilities are not sure on when to start working on any order as specified by the consumers. One of the major strategies that BMW should adopt in order to improve the rate of information flow from external stakeholders including the suppliers who are based in Middle East and Far East is enterprises resource planning (ERP). ERP is a vital information system that enhances the flow of information between all the departments within a firm as well as with other stakeholders (O’Brien, 1999). Based on the need to satisfy its customers by providing their products in a timely manner, it is imperative for BMW to put in place a two-tier ERP. This entails use of software and hardware that will allow the company to run two ERP concurrently. For example, BMW should establish production centers in various regions thus reducing the time taken to deliver the raw materials to the main production center. Similarly, the company s hould establish a database that has the information such as the telephone numbers of the individuals responsible to delivering the raw materials as well as their emails. In this way, the company will be in a position to track the transportation of raw materials from the suppliers to the subsidiaries production centers or to the main production center. Cost benefit analysis and online accounts Being a manufacturing company, BMW should not overlook the composition of their workforce. Key problem that is currently been experienced in the manufacturing department is that it is unclear how many staff the company require to meet the increased demand for its products. To address this issue, it is vital for BMW to emulate an effective scheduling of its activities. This entails allocating each of the employees a particular task and the actual time that it requires for it to be accomplished. To identify the number of workers required in the manufacturing department, it is essential for the su pervisors to undertake a cost-benefit analysis that entails computing the cost of producing a single component and the benefits arising (Laudonet al, 2009). This can be done by determining the hourly wage for the employees and the sales arising from the products. In this way, the supervisors will notice the components that are generating more profits thus increasing the number of staff. To identify individuals with the necessary skills, it is fundamental to come up with clear job description.

History of Indian art Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

History of Indian art - Research Paper Example 2000 years ago the Indian sub continent came under the rule of the Kushans and during this period we see the first images of Buddha in stone and plaster. These sculptures were made for shrines and monasteries in the Gandhara region and the city of Mathura in Uttar Pradesh. The sculptures particularly from Gandhara show a distinct Hellenistic influence which involves naturalistic depiction of human body, rich draperies that define the rounded shape of the body, symbolic postures, use of Halo behind the head and clear hand gestures like meditating, teaching and protecting. Buddha’s face is shown with expressions of tranquility and inner satisfaction. He has clearly modeled fish shaped eyes, straight nose, elongated earlobes and curly hair tied in a bun. Gandhara region also shows sculptures of Buddha as a royal figure with moustache, flowing hair, adorned with jewelry, dressesd in robes and sandals with clarity of facial expression. Apart from free standing sculptures of Buddha, we also find reliefs showing Buddha along with his devotees in meditation, scenes of sermon, and stories from the life of young Buddha, female Yakshi figures along with Buddha. 3 Central Indian temples are also known for their depictions of sexual scenes in sculptural reliefs of couples known as Mithunas. We often find these Mithunas in various Indian temples showing love making scenes since it was regarded as a divine practice. The women are always shown with full breasts, narrow waist and ample hips adorned with bangles and necklaces. 3Short essay on the Sculpture of Gupta age One of the most prominent sculptures of North India is the Lion Capital of Ashoka, Sarnath and it gives a hint of the grandeur of Mauryan Empire. The Kushana kings encourage the gandhara artists to make sculptures of Buddha’s life and jatakas. Excavations also show mythical figures and animals like atlantes, tritons, dragons and sea serpents. Sculptures are also decorated with acanthus, laurel and vi ne, Indian motifs, lion heads and lotus petals. Though we now see representation of Buddha in human form but still him symbolic interpretation was used alongside in the form of white elephant, boddhi tree, lotus flower, bull, chakra etc. We also find many sculptures of the highly adorned Bodhisattvas or Buddha as a prince before Nirvana. Gupta style: The Gupta style is said to have no foreign influence but is purely Indian in nature and existed during the time of Gupta dynasty 4th century AD. During this period sculptures flourished in aesthetics and accuracy. The prominent names sites for Gupta sculptures

School Safety Essay Example for Free

School Safety Essay In the last decade, school violence cases have drastically increased. Between 1997 and 1999, there was a rash of school shootings, the most notable occurring at West Paducah, Jonesboro, and Columbine. These examples are just a few instances in the long list of tragedy that occurs in the school setting. There is a broad spectrum of school violence and misconduct that keep school officials on alert: handbook violations, drug use, harassment, bullying, fighting and school shootings. With school violence on the increase, administrators are forced to re-evaluate school policies to ensure safety and security for the students and staff members. The National Education Association (NEA) supports policies developed by states, districts and schools to effectively address bullying and harassment that lead to school violence (NEA, 2002-2010). Although some officials feel that a zero-tolerance stance is the most effective means to combating bullying and harassment in the school setting, the NEA takes the position of educating school officials, parents, community members, and students on the effects of bullying and harassment. In an attempt to reduce bullying and harassment, the NEA works to promote school safety by presenting strategies to â€Å"reduce and eliminate bullying and harassment; expand access to counseling, anger management and peer mediation; provide ways for students to communicate with adults about rumors and threats; and develop instruction that teaches values like respect and responsibility† (NEA, 2002-2010). The school environment is one of the safest environments for children today. Students should feel comfortable coming to school and should be allowed to learn in an environment free for intimidation and fear. The NEA agrees with this statement and supports legislation requiring states, districts, and schools to adopt plans to prevent and respond to bullying and harassment incidents. References NEA. (2002-2010). School safety. Retrieved from http://www.nea.org/home/16364.htm

Overview of Famous Mathematicians

Overview of Famous Mathematicians Mathematicians’ Manifesto A young man who died at the age of 32 in a foreign land he had travelled to, to pursue his craft. A clumsy eccentric who could visualize his complete work in his head before he put it to canvas. A Russian who shuns the limelight and refuses recognition for his work. A traveller who went from country to country on a whim in order to collaborate with others. A man whose scribblings inspired the life work of hundreds. A woman, who escaped the prejudices against her gender to make a name for herself. A recluse who spent close to ten years working on one piece. A revolutionary child prodigy who died in a gun duel before his twenty-first birthday. What do you picture when you read the above? Artists? Musicians? Writers? Surely not mathematicians? Srinivas Ramanujan (1887-1920) was a self-taught nobody who, in his short life-span, discovered nearly 3900 results, many of which were completely unexpected, and influenced and made entire careers for future mathematicians. In fact there is an entire journal devoted to areas of study inspired by Ramanujan’s work. Even trying to give an overview of his life’s work would require an entire book. Henri Poincare (1854-1912) was short-sighted and hence had to learn how to visualise all the lectures he sat through. In doing so, he developed the skill to visualise entire proofs before writing them down. Poincare is considered one of the founders of the field of Topology, a field concerned with what remains when objects are transformed. An oft-told joke about Topologists is that they can’t tell their donut from their coffee cup. A conjecture of Poincare’s, regarding the equivalent of a sphere in 4-dimensional space, was unsolved till this century when Grigori Perelman (1966- ) became the first mathematician to crack a millenium prize problem, with prize money of $1million. Perelman turned it down. He is also the only mathematician to have turned down the Fields Medal, mathematics’ equivalent of the Nobel Prize. Have you heard of the Kevin Bacon number? Well mathematicians give themselves an Erdos number after Paul Erdos (1913-96) who, like Kevin Bacon, collaborated with everybody important in the field in various parts of the world. If he heard you were doing some interesting research, he would pack his bags and turn up at your doorstep. Pierre de Fermat (1601-65) was a lawyer and ‘amateur’ mathematician, whose work in Number Theory has provided some of the greatest tools mathematicians have today, and are integral to very modern areas such as cryptography. He made an enigmatic comment in a margin of his copy of Diaphantus’ ‘Arithmetica’ saying: ‘It is impossible to separate a cube into two cubes, or a fourth power into two fourth powers, or in general, any power higher than the second, into two like powers. I have discovered a truly marvellous proof of this, which this margin is too narrow to contain.’ Whether he actually had a proof is debatable, but this one comment inspired work for the next 300 years. In these intervening 300 years, one name has to be mentioned Sophie Germain (1776-1831). Germain remains one of the few women who have broken the glass ceiling and made significant contributions to mathematics. She was responsible for proving Fermat’s scribblings for a large amount of numbers. I apologise to Andrew Wiles (1953- ) for calling him a recluse, but he did spend close to 10 years on the proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem, during most of which he did not reveal his progress to anybody. Saving the best for last, Evariste Galois (1811-32), a radical republican in pre-revolutionary France, died in a duel over a woman at the age of 20. Only the night before, he had finished a manuscript with some of the most innovative and impactful results in mathematics. There is speculation that the resulting lack of sleep caused him to lose the duel. Galois developed what became a whole branch of mathematics to itself Galois Theory, a sub-discipline which connect two other subdisciplines of abstract algebra. It is the only branch of mathematics I can think of which is named after its creator (apart from Mr. Algebra and Ms. Probability). This might appear to be anecdotal evidence of the creative spirit of mathematics and mathematicians. However, the same can be said about the evidence given for Artistic genius. In fact there is research which shows that the archetype of a mad artistic genius doesn’t stand on firm ground. So, lets move away from exploring creative mathematicians, to the creativity of the discipline. Mathematics is a highly creative discipline, by any useful sense of the word ‘creative.’ The study of mathematics involves speculation, risk in the sense of the willingness to follow one’s chain of thought to wherever it leads, innovative arguments, exhilaration at achieving a result and many a time beauty in the result. Unlike scientists, mathematicians do not have our universe as a crutch. Elementary mathematics might be able to get inspiration from the universe, but quickly things change. Mathematicians have to invent conjectures from their imagination. Therefore, these conjectures are very tenuous. Most of them will fail to bear any fruit, but if mathematicians are unwilling to take that risk, they will lose any hope of discovery. Once mathematicians are convinced of the certainty of an argument, they have to present a rigorous proof, which nobody can poke any holes in. Once again, they are not as luck as scientists, who are happy with a statistically signific ant result or at most a result within five standard deviations. As a result of this, once you prove a mathematical theorem, your name will be associated with it for eternity. Aristotle might have been superseded by Newton and Newton by Einstein, but Euclid’s proof of infinite primes will always be true. As Hardy said, â€Å"A mathematician, like a painter or poet, is a maker of patterns. If his patterns are more permanent than theirs, it is because they are made with ideas.† The beauty of mathematical results and proofs is a fraught terrain, but there are certain results, great masters such as Euler’s identity and Euclid’s proof, which are almost universally accepted as aesthetically pleasing. So, why are people so afraid of mathematics? Why do they consider it to be boring and staid? Well, the easy answer is that they are taught shopkeeper mathematics. In school, you are taught to follow rules in order to arrive at an answer. In the better schools, you are encouraged to do so using blocks and toys. However, basically the only skills you are getting are those which help you in commercial transactions. At the most, you get the skills to help you in other disciplines like Economics and the Sciences. There has been a huge push in the recent past for the Arts to be taught in school ‘for art’s sake.’ There would be uproar tomorrow amongst artists and the liberal elite if art class turned into replicating posters (not even creating them). There would even be a furore if the only art students did was to draw the solar system for Science class and the Taj Mahal for Social Studies. What good art classes involve is teachers introducing concepts such as particular shapes and then encouraging students to experiment and create based on those concepts. What about ‘maths for maths’ sake?’ Students should be encouraged to come up with their own conjectures based on concepts introduced by the teacher. This class would have to be closely guided by a teacher who is conceptually very strong, so that they can give examples in order to get students to come up with conjectures. They would also be required to provide students with counterexamples to any conjecture they have come up with. I am not suggesting completely doing away with the current model of mathematics education involving repeated practice of questions. Just as replication probably helps in the arts and the arts can serve as great starting points for concepts in other disciplines, repetition is important in mathematics as it helps you intuit concepts and certain mathematical concepts are important for the conceptual understanding of other disciplines and for life. So, there needs to be a blend of mathematics classes (those which teach mathematics) and shopkeeper classes (those which teach mathematical concepts for other disciplines and for life). These would not work as separate entities and might even be taught at the same time. This requires a complete overhaul of the mathematics curriculum with a much lighter load of topics so that teachers can explore concepts in depth with their students. It also requires a larger emphasis on concepts such as symmetry, graph theory and pixel geometry which are easi er to inquire into and form conjectures in than topics like calculus. Now we come to the logistics. How many teachers are there in the country who have a strong enough conceptual understanding required to engage with mathematics in this manner? I would be pleasantly surprised if that were a long list, but I suspect it isn’t. In order to build up this capability, the emphasis at teacher colleges and in teacher professional development has to move from dull and pointless concepts like classroom management and teaching strategies, to developing conceptual understanding, at least in Mathematics. The amount of knowledge required to teach school mathematics is not all that much. All that is required is a strong conceptual base in a few concepts along with an understanding of mathematics as an endeavor, and a disposition for the eccentricities of the discipline. Even so, this will not be easy to accomplish and will take time. In the meanwhile, wherever possible, professional mathematicians could come in to schools and work with teachers on their lesson plans. In other cases, these mathematicians could partner with educationalists and come up with material, which can more or less be put to use in any class (this is not ideal as lesson plans should be created by the teachers and evolved based on their understanding of their class, but this will have to do in the interim). Not only will this help in developing a disposition for mathematics and hopefully churn out mathematicians, but it will also help in the understanding of shopkeeper mathematics. Pedagogy and conceptual understanding are not separate entities. In fact a strong conceptual understanding is a prerequisite for effective pedagogy. Mathematics is unfortunate in its usefulness to other disciplines and the utility it provides for life. In the meanwhile, the real creative essence of the discipline is lost. I don’t blame students for hating mathematics in school. In fact it is completely justified. Mathematics is missing out. Who knows, one of these students would have proved the Riemann Hypothesis in an alternate reality. Artists have been very successful in campaigning for the creativity of their discipline to be an integral part of schools. Mathematicians, on the other hand, really need to pull up their socks and join the fight for the future of mathematics. In the spirit of Galois, Mathematicians of the World Unite! You have nothing to lose but the chains of countless students!

“Thy eternal summer shall not fade”: Flower of all Seasons in Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 :: Literary Analysis, Shakespeare

Shakespeare intertwines two characteristics of beauty, while at the same time subtly showing their differences, showing that inner transcends outer beauty. Beauty is rare and true beauty even more so; true beauty is beauty that’s on the inside, and is lacking in many, yet Shakespeare was able to find a woman who is beautiful from the inside out. Shakespeare, in sonnet eighteen, uses descriptions of nature, and imagery to imply, and directly compare them to a girl with true inner beauty, one which surpasses even her own outer beauty. The poet compares the imperfections of summer to contradict the iridescent outer beauty of the girl he loves. Even though the summer seems like the best season, it is always undesirably â€Å"too short† (4) and nature always has its faults but the girl does not. Sometimes it’s â€Å"too hot† (5) and sometimes on a beautiful day its gold complexion is even dimmed, the clouds overcast which is believed, by some, to foreshadow bad luck. But her beauty is never overcast by something else nor her â€Å"gold complexion dimmed† (6). However, all these imperfections are not natural for her. She, he praises, is â€Å"more lovely† and â€Å"more temperate† than a summer’s day (2). In praising her beauty he even emphasizes the word â€Å"more†. Both lovely and temperate are words that show effective use of diction. While he does choose words that accurately express his feelings they also have strong connotations lovely could imply high at tractiveness and exquisite beauty and temperate could imply that she is by nature a very strong, yet mild and self controlled person. Shakespeare also shows all of summer’s imperfections through the imagery of flowers. Another instance where summer’s beauty is cut short by nature and therefore is incomparable to the girls’ beauty is when the â€Å"Rough winds...Shake the darling buds of May† (3), May is a time in the year when the weather starts to warm up and flowers are in full bloom, beautiful at the very beginning of summer. But sadly nature comes and snatches the beauty away, the image of the winds of May coming and blowing petals off the beautiful flowers shows the â€Å"Rough† behaviors, and shortcomings that nature has to offer. At the same time the wind is also a metaphor for adversities or problems in life and how he praises the one he loves because she is not affected by obstacles. The poet also expresses and emphasizes that even though the buds and the flowers may wither with the rough winds, her beauty still holds intact; especially her inner beauty, her temperate n ature that ever endures adversity.

What Is The Most Effective Way To Discipline Student :: essays research papers

School is the battleground for too many participants. For most teachers and students, a main battlefield revolves around discipline. Maintaining good discipline is a necessary condition for establishing a classroom climate that is conducive to learning. There are many ways to provide discipline, but one of the most productive is motivating students because they care about what they are learning. Enthusiastic teachers who present their material in stimulating, meaningful ways motivate students. When students are actively learning content that has personal meaning for them, they have neither the time nor the energy to create discipline problems. Conversely, when students feel that they are passive receptacles for knowledge, they become bored, turned off, and find satisfaction in acting out. Stimulating lessons require competition, high-level thinking, working cooperatively, and create products that evoke pride. Teacher has to increase students’ response, ask more low-risk, open-ended questions, see that low-ability students have an equal chance to respond. Of course, it is not easy work. Only teachers, who love their work and give all their time to make their lessons in such way can increase interest of their students and therefore provide discipline. I used to work as a teacher in a school for children with difficult behavior. When I started my job, the question of discipline was the main. And only after I could concentrate students’ attention on mathematics, when I knew how to work with students with different ability at the same time, when I did not give them a moment for relaxation, the discipline problem was solved. Competition is highly stimulating and motivates students to achieve their best. When competition focuses on the means, or process, the results are rewarding and high levels of learning can be achieved. Teamwork is a positive experience. Winning is important as playing. In my practice, the process of playing always was stressed above the final score. I often used games without score that supplemented the more competitive activities. Cooperative learning or working in groups is very important as well. Students work together in small groups in the classroom.

Affirmative Action :: essays research papers

Affirmative Action Paper Q: What is a Definition of Affirmative Action: Affirmative action- a plan to offset past discrimination in employing or educating women, blacks etc. (Websters New World Dictionary.) The phase "affirmative action" was used in a racial discrimination context. Executive Order No. 10,925 issued by President John F. Kennedy in 1961. The order indicated that federal contractors should take affirmative action to ensure job applicants and employees are treated "without regard to their race, creed, or national origin." A person could define this statement as an order to imply equal access and nothing else. Q: What is the History of Affirmative Action? Affirmative action was implemented with the idea and hope that America would finally become truly equal. The tension of the 1960's civil rights movement had made it very clear, that the nations minority and female population was not receiving equal and social economic opportunity. The implementation of affirmative action was America's first honest attempt at solving a problem it had previously chose to ignore. The history of affirmative action has its roots in the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and stems from the United States Supreme case of Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas. In 1969, the department of Labor exposed widespread racial discrimination of the Construction Department so President Nixon decided to incorporate a system of "goals and timetables" that provided guidelines for companies to follow and comply with affirmative action regulations. Which brings us to today Q:What caused the lawsuit. After applying to the University of Michigan Law School, Barbara was waitlisted then rejected. Similarly, Jennifer and Patrick were waitlisted then rejected by the University's College of Literature, Science, and the Arts. After learning that race played a large role in the University's admissions policies, all three realized that they would have been admitted had they been of a preferred race — black, Hispanic, or Native American. The three sought legal representation to vindicate their right to be free of racial discrimination. Q: What wad the Plaintiff’s Point of View? The three named plaintiffs and the class of rejected applicants they represent seek primarily injunctive relief to ensure that future applicants will be judged as individuals without regard to race. It is unfair to be judged by the color of your skin†¦ NO MATTER WHAT COLOR YOU ARE!!! WHITE IS A COLOR TOO Q: What is the Defendants Point of View? . That the University should remain off limits to the majority of working class and most middle class youth, but that it should be made â€Å"diverse† through the selective admission of a small percentage of minority students, who are given preference over qualified white students.

Improving socials skills

Social/Cultural: The child recognizes his/her parents as safe people. Environmental: Improving socials skills, developing friendships, Improving self-confidence, and aiding the care ever. Developmental: A central task of adolescence is to develop a sense of oneself as an autonomous individual. The drive for such autonomy derives from the internal, biological processes marking the transition to a more adult role (puberty and increasing cognitive maturity) and from the shifts in social roles and expectations that accompany these underlying physiological and cognitive changes.Spiritual: It is difficult to identify the infant's spiritual needs because of their limited ability to communicate on a linguistic level. However, positive experiences of love and affection, and a stimulating environment may foster aspects of spirituality such as hope and security in an Infant. Young children encompass the first three stages of Spiritual Development. Intellectual: This stage Is essential for deter mine the learning pattern of the child. This stage the child also learns problem solving skills.Emotional: Growing In a safe and happy environment Is also crucial for your child's long-term development. The more exposure to these activities, the better developed Overall Reflection: A stage is a period of time, perhaps several years, during which a arson's activities (at least in one broad domain) have certain characteristics in common† (Frederick & Belittle, 2010). This model really says that people develop at different level and stages. Being a teacher I can agree with this theory.I can tell a change with 7th graders that I teach and see some maturity from the beginning of the year to the end of the year. In the incremental model development is seen as a change that is made gradually over time. This is a contrast to the stage model which views change as abrupt. (Frederick & Belittle, 2010) Both the incremental and the ultrasonically model believe that change takes place more gradually and continuously. (Frederick & Belittle, 2010) I think that the life wheel can help explain how as human throughout our lives we evolve over time throughout our lives.It also can show at different parts of our lives we focus on one or more aspects of the life wheel. Reference: Frederick, P. C. , & Belittle, P. (2010). The life span: Human development for helping professions (3rd deed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc. Week Two: The Early Years: Physical: When a child is born they begin developing strength from large muscles to mall muscles. When children are young they need to do many activities to strengthen their large and small muscles.Something I realized is that muscle skill development and maintaining healthy body are essential in life later for reading, writing and math. Social/Cultural: In this stage the child develop a sense of self and a sense of belonging to a family. They begin interacting with other children and they also play in stages (playi ng alone, playing near others but not really playing with them, not wanting to share, playing and sharing, and playing with a purpose). This tag is also were the child also learn to respect the rights and feelings of others.Environmental: A child's environment plays a big role in their development. Exposure to different forms of activities that exercise the analytical and creative sides of the brain are important. Developmental: (Week 1-3 only: Reflection may include characteristics of this stage) Spiritual: The pre-stage is infancy before & language and conceptual thought. Sometime between two and seven a child enters intuitive/ projective faith marked by the rise of imagination, but lacks logic for questioning perceptions or fantasies.Next, children progress into mythic/literal faith. Here the child develops a way of dealing with the world and making meaning that now criticizes and evaluates the previous stage of imagination and fantasy. Intellectual: When a child is the brain is ready to learn and receive information. In essence the brain is like a computer, it has great potential for development. Having a great childhood greatly influences the way the child develops. Emotional: Doing this period the child will realize that the world does not revolve around them.They learn to trust and mistrust others. As toddlers, they become proud of things they accomplish and egging stating their opinions and desires. They also begin to learn to be away from to solve issues that may arise with others using words. They often control their angry and they learn that it is okay to make mistakes. Overall Reflection: After reading about development through the early years, I think that emotional and environmental developments are the most vital during this period. When we are first conceived the environment is the number factor influencing us.Pigged believed that the mind creates its own knowledge. â€Å"This constructivist stance takes the child to be an active artificial in the learning process, constantly seeking out and trying to make sense of new information. † (Frederick & Belittle, 2010) If you look at it from this point of view this is where teachers play an important part in making things catch the attention of students and making it reach them. New research is becoming available often over infant memory and recognition (Frederick & Belittle, 2010).This is true in the way that the environment plays a major role in the development process; children are a product of their environment. The belief and behaviors of children are passed down room generation to generation. There are several things that I find myself doing that both my mother and father do. I have read research that says expectant mothers that read to their infants while in the womb have smarter children. Erik Erickson believed that the early years of a child's life were important to their emotional well-being (Frederick & Belittle, 2010).He had stated that the child should be nur tured, loved, and handled well to grow into an optimistic well rounded person (Frederick & Belittle, 2010) This is a very true being a teacher I see that the students that have parents hat are active and show that they care and support their child they care have the most well rounded students that I teach. While the students that have the parents that are focused on other things those students are not as much well rounded and willing to think outside of the box. Rebellions. (3rd deed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc. Week Three: Middle Childhood through Early Adolescence: Physical: During the middle years, the child's growth rate is somewhat slower than in previous years, and certainly less rapid than the growth anticipated during adolescence. These changes contribute to the child's growing sense of competence in relation to his physical abilities and enhance his potential for participating in sports, dance, gymnastics, and other physical pursuits.Social/Cultural: A central task of adolescence is to develop a sense of oneself as an autonomous individual. The drive for such autonomy derives from the internal, biological processes marking the transition to a more adult role (puberty and increasing cognitive maturity) and from the shifts in social roles and expectations that accompany these underlying physiological and cognitive changes. Compared to children under age 10, teenagers re given new opportunities to experience independence outside of the home.They spend much more unsupervised time with peers which (compared to adult-child relationships) are relatively equal in terms of interpersonal power and authority. At by adults in the family, in school, and in community-based programs or activities. Environmental: The environmental changes that students experience as they move into middle-grade schools are particularly harmful in that they emphasize competition, social comparison, and self-assessment at a time when the adolescent's focus on hims elf or herself is at its height.The Junior high school's emphasis on discipline and teacher control, and its limited opportunities for student decision making, come at a time in development when adolescents are beginning to think of themselves as young adults who are becoming more responsible and deserve greater adult respect. A poor â€Å"fit† between the early adolescent and the classroom environment increases the risk of disengagement and school problems, especially for those early adolescents who were having difficulty succeeding in school academically prior to this school transition.Developmental: A central task of adolescence is to evolve a sense of oneself as an autonomous individual. The drive for such autonomy derives from the internal, biological processes marking the transition to a more adult role (puberty and increasing cognitive maturity) and from the shifts in social roles and expectations that accompany these underlying physiological and cognitive changes. Com pared to children under age 10, teenagers are given new opportunities to experience independence outside of the home.They spend much more unsupervised time with peers which (compared to adult-child relationships) are relatively equal in terms of interpersonal power and authority. At the same time, forever, they continue to rely on the support and guidance offered by adults in the family, in school, and in community-based programs or activities. Spiritual: Part of the child's development as an individual includes an emerging understanding of the life cycle?of birth, growth, aging, and death.There is an increasing awareness that life fits into a larger scheme of relationships among individuals, groups of people, other living creatures, and the earth itself. School-age children become keenly interested in these topics, especially when confronted with personal experiences such as the birth of a sibling or the death of a grandparent. As children experience these events and learn to view their personal encounters as part of a larger whole, families and communities provide important structure.They define value systems that provide children with basic principles and encourage them to examine their personal actions in light of their impact on those around them. Intellectual: The most important cognitive changes during early adolescence relate to the increasing ability of children to think abstractly, consider the hypothetical as well as the real, consider multiple dimensions of a problem at the same time, and reflect on themselves and on complicated problems.There is also a steady increase in the sophistication of children's information-processing and learning skills, their knowledge of different subjects, their ability to apply their knowledge to new learning situations, and their awareness of their own strengths and weaknesses as learners. These higher-order cognitive abilities help adolescents regulate their learning and behavior better to accomplish more complicate d and elaborate tasks. Emotional: Children in this period need both the freedom of personal expression and the structure of expectations and guidelines that they can understand and accept.Opportunities to interact with other hillier during this period without excessive adult interference is important, same time, children need to have positive interactions with adults, reinforcing their sense of self-esteem, self-worth, and belief in their capability of personal success Overall Reflection: Adolescence and middle childhood, although a time for exploration and the excitement of freedom and gaining maturity, is also a time of struggle when teens work endlessly to identify themselves and come to terms with forthcoming adulthood and separation from family (Berger, 2008).Changes in the intensity of peer relationships help the adolescents in self-discovery and surmount he difficulties of their heightened sense of self. Peer pressure supports the adolescent, although the choice of friends ca n be either a help or a hindrance depending on the interests of the peers. Adolescence is a time of self-centeredness and self-consciousness when peer pressure can be immense.As teens face social pressures that include experimentation with drugs and other substances, sexuality, and a changing perspective on relationships, their strong social network and the guidance of familial alliances are powerful relationships that mitigate stress during this time. These stages of development include significant changes physically, mentally, and emotionally. The choices made by individuals during these stages have both positive and negative consequences for the individual, his or her peers, and his or her families.Adolescence begins when a flood of hormones triggers puberty, usually between the age of 10 and 14. The release of sex-specific hormones of androgen's and estrogen by the gonads produce physical and psychological changes. Maturation and increased efficiency of organs and muscles follow a major growth spurt (Berger, 2008). Berger, K. S. (2008). The developing person through the life span (7th deed. ). New York: Worth Week Four: Young to Middle Adulthood: Physical: In this stage young adults complete the process of physical maturation, usually attaining full adult height.Secondary sexual characteristics, such as size of penis and breasts, are completed. Your organs and systems are all operating at peak efficiency in young adulthood, roughly ages 21 to 39. Your body has grown, and your physical potential is set. You can take advantage of that by eating correctly and by working out to get stronger. This is the time in life when you can reach your peak physically. The growth spurt that came during puberty set the ground work for what you are capable of becoming as a young adult.Your body will respond to activities such as running, cardiac training, weight training and diet more predictably during young adulthood than it could when you were in puberty. Social/Cultural: Some of the social changes include divorce, changes in employment (either reaching the peak of career or being unemployable for being â€Å"overqualified†), caring for elderly relatives, and difference in parental responsibilities (either taking them on for later life parents or starting over for some empty nest parents). Arming their own families and invest little in post-secondary education.Doing this period the young adult moves out of their parents home and begin to start their own home. Leaving the parental home to establish one's own residence, establishing financial independence, completing school, moving into full-time employment, getting married, and becoming a parent are considered key markers of adulthood (Booth, Grouter, and Shannon, 1999). Occupational (Week 4 and 5): During this stage young adults move into adult roles and responsibilities and may learn a trade, work, and/or pursue higher education.They identify career goals and prepare to achieve them. Spiritu al: Intellectual: In this stage of life adults fully understand abstract concepts and are aware of consequences and personal limitations. Often times they secure their autonomy and build and test their decision making skills. Often they develop new skills, hobbies, and adult interests. Emotional: Doing this stage of life children become adults, they move into adult relationships with their parents. They begin to see their friends as a less important and begin to think for themselves.They are more empathetic and have greater intimacy skills. Carry some feelings of invincibility. Establish lasting self image and begin to feel self-worth. Overall Reflection: Middle adulthood is a complex time period that requires a multidimensional outlook to understand all of the processes and changes that are taking place. The many changes during middle adulthood include physical, cognitive and social differences. During middle adulthood biological and physical changes become apparent.During this tim e visual perception, hearing and the reproductive system decline. Adults who have never worn glasses or contact lenses may start needing visual correction. During this time adults may also need more light to see than their younger friends. However, the actual time when one is considered an adult varies from theorists to theorists and can range anywhere from 18 to 25 years of age (Frederick & Belittle, 2010). There are also cognitive changes during middle adulthood. There is a mixed pattern of positive and negative changes in cognitive abilities.Processing speed starts to decrease during this time period however crystallized thought does not decline until older age Working memory begins to decline however semantic memory continues to increase as we learning throughout our older years. Theorists such as Chase, Erikson, Valiant, Elevations, Jung, Gould, and soon have all described stages or phases in life- task change (Frederick & Belittle, 2010). Theorist have shown that all adults se em to go through the same stages of changes in middle adulthood (Frederick & Belittle, 2010). Professionals. 3rd deed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ:Pearson Education, Inc. Physical: Often times the person become less active and the health begin declining. Sometimes at this age you will find older people that are very active and in better shape than some of the younger adults. Social/Cultural: The person has friends that hey spend most of their time with and are very comfortable with the person that they are. Environmental: Often times at this age you will find older parents living at home with their students or either in a personal care home.Occupational (Week 4 and 5): Doing this stage in life the person has either retired from the career or Job. Sometimes you will find older adults retired but working part time to remain active in not settle with the end of life. Spiritual: Most older adults often face many losses as they age, so doing the lifetime they often turn to religion and to spirituality as ways to Andre their losses. A lot of older adults can often quote spirituals from the bible. Intellectual: Doing this stage the mind gets weaker. They become unable to react quickly, or solve puzzles quickly than they could when they were younger.They don't think less, Just become slower Emotional: Sometimes in this age the older adult is faced with depression since they often have faced many losses be that from children, spouses, and/or friends. Overall Reflection: Erikson felt that much of life is preparing for the middle adulthood stage and the last stage is recovering from it. Perhaps that s because as older adults we can often look back on our lives with happiness and are content, feeling fulfilled with a deep sense that life has meaning and we've made a contribution to life, a feeling Erikson calls integrity.Our strength comes from a wisdom that the world is very large and we now have a detached concern for the whole of life, accepting death as the completion o f life. Aging starts during the middle adult stage then it will continue to intensify until the person reaches the end. As aging progress, the body also progress, we slowly die as our neurons in the brain die, and our skins sag. Aging is inevitable it happens to everybody, we suggest that we should be happy up to the last day we live and not live in the stage of Erikson, which is the despair.Maintaining good health becomes more challenging with age, as the immune system becomes progressively less effective†¦ And as the cardiovascular, respiratory, and organ systems function less adequately' (Frederick & Belittle, 2010). On the other hand, some adults may reach this stage and despair at their experiences and perceived failures. They may fear death as they struggle to find a purpose to their lives, wondering â€Å"Was the trip worth it? Alternatively, they may feel they have all the answers (not unlike going back to adolescence) and end with a strong dogmatism that only their vi ew has been correct.

‘Jasper Jones’ by Craig Silvey Essay

The Novel Jasper Jones by Craig Silvey revolves around a young boy named Charlie Bucktin living in the small Australian town of Corrigan in the 1960’s. Charlie is exposed to the confronting issues of racial prejudice, injustice and moral duality. He is challenged to question right from wrong, has to come to the realization that law doesn’t always uphold justice and we as readers are positioned to understand that people are capable of holding two conflicting values and remain in confortable harmony. The ideas are portrayed through Silvey’s use of narrative conventions that are used to either challenge or reinforce our values, attitudes and beliefs on the issues explored. Our morals and ethics is our understanding of what we believe is right or wrong. Reading this novel we come to realize that the people of Corrigan are hypocrites, cable of holding two conflicting values or beliefs. Jasper Jones does not deny that he is a â€Å"thief, a liar, a thug, a truant†, but despite this, he says â€Å"I never stole a thing I dint need†¦ and all my life so far, sh*t’s bin taken off me, so I’m evening the ledger a bit† (page 34). My attitude towards stealing is that its wrong, but Jasper’s character has challenged this belief and suggests that stealing is okay and can be justified in this case because he did it to get the things he needs â€Å"because its never gonna get offered†. When Jasper asked Charlie to help him hide the body of Laura Wishart, he was not only asking him to break the law but was making Charlie go against his morals and he had to reconsider what the â€Å"right thing† to do was. He knew that tampering with her body was illegal but he did it anyway to help Jasper stay out of trouble and find the truth of what had happened. Craig is trying to show us that we all hold conflicting views on things and that sometimes we can think one way and act in another. It has made me realize that I too may contradict my own values and positions me to reconsider what I believe to be right and wrong. Corrigan is a town swamped with lies and injustice. Silvey is expressing this theme through the establishment of characters and plot. His message is that the Law and what seems morally right, doesn’t necessarily uphold justice.  Jasper Jones has a bad reputation in Corrigan and after his discovery of Laura’s body, Charlie argues that they should go to the police but Jasper knows that the rule of law doesn’t apply to him. He is the town’s scapegoat when an incident occurs and says, â€Å"We can’t tell anyone. Especially the Police†¦ they are gonna say it was me.† (page 13). When the disappearance of Laura becomes public, Jasper is locked up and bashed by her father the â€Å"Shire President†. Throughout the novel Pete Wishart is always referred to by this title. He is supposed to be a public figure and role model but instead he’s an abusive drunk that impregnated his daughter and manhandled a child. This misconduct shows how power can be misused and the double standards that exist in society. The myth of ‘Mad Jack Lionel’ burdened the town of Corrigan. Rumours were spread concerning his involvement with the death of Rosie Jones and he was Jaspers first suspicion as to what had happened to Laura. â€Å"The lies and suppositions were just heaped upon the stack† (page 240). He had been wrongfully accused and blamed for things he did not do and his town turned its back on him. The unjust treatment of Jasper and Jack Lionel shows that people are so quick to judge and make assumptions about others without knowing a thing about them. It reinforces by belief that you shouldn’t judge a book by its cover and should get to know the truth about someone before you pass judgement. Multiculturalism, which is familiar to contemporary Australians, was unheard of in the 1960’s and the concept of people from other countries and cultural backgrounds enriching in Australian life was a foreign concept. This novel explores the racism behind the discrimination towards those from non-European backgrounds such as Jeffery Lu and his family. Silvey’s selection of setting, the context of this novel and the surrounding circumstances such as the Vietnam War provides an understanding of the current attitudes that society may have had towards certain ideas. At the time of this novel, many Australians were resentful for having to go over and fight in the war. Charlie’s best friend Jeffery, who is of Vietnamese background, was subject to discrimination and copped a lot of bullying because of this. A woman whose son had died in the war attacked Jeffery’s mother, Mrs Lu. â€Å"She slapped her cup up, right into her chest†¦ scalding her skin† ( page 128). This scene positioned me to feel sorry for Mrs Lu and  reinforced by belief that everyone, no matter what race, should be treated with equality. Jeffery is often victimized by other kids, like Warwick Trent the teenage bully of the town, because of his race. He’s the boy â€Å"who’s always been two years bigger and broader than anyone his age† (page 57). He and the other boys that Jeffery often encounters at the local oval are intimidated by his intellect and his cricket skills. They try to establish their dominance over Jeffery by using his ethnicity against him and asserting racial comments such as â€Å"F*ck off, c*nt eyes† (page 58) and â€Å"F*ck off Cong† (page 59). The mistreatment of Lu family has shown me the significance of coequality and how damaging racism can be. The message Silvey is trying to convey is that anyone who is perceived to be different or ‘inferior’ is made to feel as outcasts and unwelcome in society. It has made me reconsider how I should treat others and has helped me develop a greater understanding of why everyone should be treated with respect and equality regardless of their race. Jasper Jones deals with many issues that are prevalent in our modern society. The author uses narrative conventions such as plot, setting and characters to challenge or reinforce my attitudes and values. I come to understand that people can hold contradicting values and remain in comfortable harmony. I realize that the law doesn’t always uphold justice and am positioned to see the harm discrimination can cause. These are just a few of the ways that Craig Silvey has used narrative conventions to influence my point of view on the themes expressed in Jasper Jones.

An Effective Strategy Negotiation

Crouching behind a tight cordon of panda cars, the weather-beaten SWAT team leader, complete with cap, bulletproof vest and loud-hailer, looks up to the third-floor window, clears his throat, and announces: ‘You might as well give yourself up, Kowalski, we've got the place surrounded. ‘ His craggy face is bathed in the soft amber glow of the street light and a small bead of sweat moves slowly down his temple. Kowalski, a wily old stager with deep pockmarks and a broken nose, is having none of it. After all, he has the (rather attractive blonde) hostage securely tied up and there happens to be a fridge full of beer in the office he's holed up in. So it's a complete stalemate. Kowalski and his nemesis are simply going to have to start negotiating. In this case, negotiation is more likely to be resolved in a bloody shoot-out. In the workplace, of course, negotiations generally don't tend to be conducted under such tense or dangerous circumstances. They do, however, take place on a daily, even hourly, basis. In fact, they have become such a regular and ingrained part of working life that participants can readily enter into them without even realising that's what they're doing. Before we proceed, it is probably worth defining our terms, or at least borrowing a definition from personnel consultant Alan Fowler's book, Negotiating, Persuading and Influencing. Fowler explains that ‘negotiation occurs whenever there is an issue that cannot be resolved by one person acting alone; it occurs when the two (or more) people who have to be involved begin with different views on how to proceed, or have different aims for the outcome. There are two situations in which negotiation does not or cannot occur: when one of the persons immediately agrees to what the Other is asking or suggesting; and when one of the two adamantly refuses to even discuss the matter. ‘ You can see that the term covers a multitude of scenarios, from the widely reported collective pay-bargaining conducted by union officials and management representatives, to the more mundane business of negotiating a lease on a property or a supplier's contract. Negotiation is also a key component in inter-office relationships, in instances where managers have no linear authority over a particular colleague but need to persuade them to perform a specific task. Here, the negotiation is a tacit IOU- you've done me a favour, so I'll return it at a later date when you might need it. ‘Managers are doing it all the time,' confirms Roger Moores, an associate of the Industrial Society, who runs courses in negotiation and associated skills. ‘I usually start my courses by asking how many of the people there are negotiators. Not many hands go up but, by the end of the session, they realise they do it all the time. We use the language of negotiation all the time too. It's a language that even children understand, based on the words â€Å"if† and â€Å"then†. â€Å"If you do this for me, then I'll do that. † In theory, it's all wonderfully simple. ‘ Scores of self-help and how-to books have been written on the subject but the theorists by and large fall into two camps. There are experts, such as authors Fowler and Gavin Kennedy, who look at negotiation as a stage-by-stage process, comprising preparation, discussion, proposal, bargaining and finally closing. And then there's the American model, epitomised by the seminal text, Getting to Yes by William Ury, which is more focused on personal relations within the workplace. As Moores rightly points out, the two approaches are by no means mutually exclusive. Though representative bodies such as the Institute of Personnel and Development and the Industrial Society offer dedicated courses on negotiation skills, the majority of managers in small to medium-sized businesses don't have the time or inclination to attend them. A few common-sense pointers, however, go a long way. The first is to recognise when it is actually appropriate to negotiate. ‘If managers negotiated everything, there wouldn't be time to do anything,' reasons Moores. â€Å"There are occasions when orders and dictatorship are required too. ‘ If a matter or issue is definitely worth negotiating, the next step is toassess its merits and how much time you can afford to devote to it. According to all the various pundits, the key to successful negotiation is all in the preparation. They insist that skills and techniques are generally acquired through practice and experience, and that preparatory work and patience will generally stand you in better stead than the gift of the gab or an aggressive stance. There is no point walking into an important negotiation session hoping to wing it. ‘Some people are naturally better [at negotiating] than others,' says Fowler. ‘It requires a certain amount of quick thinking and ability to respond quickly. You also need the confidence to be able to say â€Å"Look, you've raised something new. Can we adjourn this meeting and continue tomorrow, by which time I'll have been able to gather my thoughts? † It's important to know your own style and be comfortable with it. If you're stepping too far outside of yourself, you can end up seeming artificial. ‘ Yet Chris Grice, an assistant director of ACAS, the conciliation and arbitration service which has dragged countless industrial relations negotiations back from the brink, believes negotiation skills are more about nurture than nature. ‘There's a question as to whether negotiating is an art or a science,' he says. You can be taught good negotiation, so I'd say it's a science†¦ Being taught how to mix colours doesn't make you an artist. You can learn about negotiation strategy, how to read a situation, when the tune is right to confront an issue and when to apply a variety of different processes. Preparation is an often neglected area. If you're negotiating about pay, for example, you should be aware of the going rate, affordability and any other interested parties before you go in. You need to be able to anticipate the other party's moves. ‘ While Grice admits that some of the negotiations he is called in to rbitrate are conducted in what he – with admirable understatement – describes as an ‘adversarial atmosphere' (potentially explosive in other words), he reckons that overall he has witnessed as much civility as hostility. This, he believes, is because most of the participants at this level of negotiation tend to be astute practitioners, who realise that prickliness and emotional involvement will only hamper their efforts. ‘Some of the best negotiators are mild-mannered but persuasive people,' says Grice. ‘They know exactly where they want to be and realise they can get there in a civilised manner. After all, you've got more in your toolbox than a hammer. ‘ One problem often leads to another. A manager may feel it necessary to cut overtime. The employees are unhappy and threaten industrial action but the manager should avoid the immediate reaction to sack the ringleader. By doing so, the manager would have two problems to cope with instead of one. It is important to keep one topic in focus at a time. An ‘easy does it' ethos is especially important in small to medium-sized businesses, which rely on establishing and maintaining an ongoing network of reliable suppliers and subcontractors. If parties leave a negotiation feeling hard done by, the relationship is unlikely to be sustainable for any length of time. ‘The main point is to make the person you're negotiating with think that they have achieved the best deal possible,' says Frank Kings, managing director of Sovereign Contracts, a Midlands-based shop-fitting concern, whose clients include IBM, SmithKline Beecham and Warwick University. ‘I'm always looking for repeat business, so negotiation is as much about building a long-term relationship as striking the best deal at that particular moment. One should always try to take a longer-term view. ‘ Susan Croft, a trainer at the Aziz Corporation, which specialises in spoken-communication skills training for business, shares Kings' views. Negotiations, she maintains, are not necessarily confrontational, just a necessary means of ensuring that two or more parties are satisfied with their lot. ‘In a â€Å"win-lose† situation, you may have won the battle but not the long-term war,' Croft says. ‘You don't want the person you're negotiating with to be checking for their arms and legs on the way out. ‘ A degree of emotional detachment is a must. Losing your cool may mean losing the thread and the advantage. Concentration is also essential. The best negotiators are good listeners and observers too. By keeping your eyes and ears open, you can pick up valuable clues as to where the other side is prepared to compromise or where there are flaws in their argument, which you can exploit later. If you are so utterly determined to put across your own points, you may not hear what the other side is saying. Their position may have changed and your initial standpoint may no longer be relevant or valid. Similarly, the other party should not be given too many hints. It is worth keeping your cards close to your chest in a negotiation. Don't give away more information than you have to. Release nuggets sporadically and tactically when you feel they will make the most impact. Be aware of your body language because you might be revealing more than you think through your movements and mannerisms. If you look hard enough and think laterally, there are usually ways and means of clinching a mutually beneficial deal through negotiation. Phil Jones, managing director of Real Time, the London-based interactive design studio, recalls two recent instances where new clients wanted to launch internet web sites but didn't have the requisite budgets. They were the type of high-profile clients and creatively challenging projects that Real Time was keen to get involved in, however. ‘If it's a job you really want to do, you can always find a way of doing it,' maintains Jones. The first was for the Formula 1 motor-racing team, Williams Motorsport: ‘They made the balance up in contra deals, mainly in tickets to some of the major Formula 1 meetings. ‘ The tickets are like gold dust, of course, and can be used as a pat on the back for staff, or as an opportunity to pamper existing clients or woo new ones. Diesel, the Italian clothing manufacturer, which is quietly stealing a march on its rivals in the UK jeans market, approached Real Time towards the end of the financial year, when its promotional budget was running perilously low. Real Time managed to negotiate further projects the following year for completing the initial job an e-commerce site that allows ordering of clothes over the internet – at a cut-price rate. Every job is like that. You have to be flexible to get the business,' says Jones. Indeed, he is currently negotiating a deal with the Football Association for an e-commerce web site dedicated to the UK bid for the 2006 World Cup. Real Time was responsible for the bid's logo and original web site. ‘The FA have a limited budget to spend across a range of media, so I'm talking to them about perhaps receiving a percentage of what's sold from the new site,' he explains. ‘That's really putting your money where your mouth is. ‘ Negotiation, then, is primarily about effective communication. Communicating what you want and what you have to offer, and then marrying that up with another party's requirements. A bit of imagination, flexibility and a well-considered strategy can go along way to meeting these ends. It is also worth remembering that how you put it is often as important as what you're actually saying. ‘You should always try to express things in ways the other parties find palatable, so that no one loses face,' says Grice of ACAS. ‘Packaging is half the battle. ‘

Analyse How Moliere Uses Comedy as a Dramatic Technique in Le Tartuffe

Set in the 17th century, Moliere’s Drama, Le Tartuffe is a satirical representation of religious hypocrisy. Its comedy drives the play in a direction where the audience can not only be entertained but understand the morals which are portrayed. It is important to realise the historical context that influenced Moliere’s work of Le Tartuffe in order to understand the construction of the characters and comedy portrayed. Commedia dell’arte were a group of traveling players in Italy who specialised in improvised theatre, creating stock characters for every performance for the audience to identify with and understand their representation in a comic way. Some of these features have been known to have inspired Moliere’s construction of the plot and characters such as Clever talking Dorine shedding light on the truth. In that way, Dorine almost acts as a comedic dramatic tool to highlight the truths and themes of the play. This is particularly evident in her dialogue towards Madame Pernelle, ‘Il passe pour un saint dans votre fantaisie:/Tout son fait, croyez-moi, n’est rein qu’hypocrisie’(Moliere: 1. 1. 69) In supporting this idea, Peter Hampshire Nurse writes that Dorine has ‘brilliant wit with which she ridicules hypocrisy’ (1991:85). Although the majority of modern audience’s would find the witty servant humorous, Paula Alekson noted that ‘Moliere became a master of â€Å"Le ridicule†, so much so that in the process of making the audiences laugh, he made a multitude of serious enemies’(2007:ll 15-16). Away from the controversy that the themes created, Moliere generates much more of the comedy in terms of language, structure and pace of the play. For example in the exposition, when Madame Pernelle talks to the rest of the characters, we are able to see the desire of power towards the daughters as they try to speak by saying, ‘Mais†¦. Je crois†¦mais ma mere’ (Moliere:1. 1)but are cut off every time. Furthermore, repetition is used when Orgon says, ‘Et Tartuffe? / Le pauvre home! (Moliere:1. 4) This conveys Orgons constant obsessive nature over Tartuffe which provokes laughter. Of course when being performed the proxemics and movement of the character along with the dialogue would emphasise the comedy and complete farce that Moliere had stylized the play with. Overall, we are able to conclude that Moliere uses a variety of different techniques, and themes to make the comedy work for the play. We realise that it is not just a form of entertainment but to aid the audience in following the events in the play; to understand the central themes. Andrew Calder noted that Moliere does this in both his plays, Le Tartuffe (1664) and Don Jaun (1665). Calder states that they go ‘beyond the comic stage, and both reflect a lively interest in some of the most topical, moral and theological issues of the time. ’ (1973:153). [Wordcount:457] Bibliography Moliere, 2006. Le Tartuffe. Paris: Larousse. Alekson, Paula. 2007. Dramatic and Theatrical Style a la Moliere: Le ridicule, le naturel, and â€Å"The comic war†. [online] Available at: http://www. mccarter. org/Education/tartuffe/html/4. html Calder, Andrew. 1973. Moliere: The Theory and Practice of Comedy. London:Athlone Nurse, Peter Hampshire,1991. Moliere and The Comic Spirit. Geneve:Libraire Droz

Why do we need so many different theories in accounting Essay - 1

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Creation and Development of New Firms - Assignment Example Side by side, the trouble of poverty also became highlighted in these emerging economies of the entire world. However, in order to recover from such distressful state, most of the countries, especially the emerging or developing countries are reliant on economic liberalization. Due to such economic shift, most of the emerging economies and the firms of recent age are entirely responsible for economic recovery of the world (Yalcin & Kapu, 2008, p. 32). Due to which, most of these firms offered high concentration over the development of the entrepreneurship programs. Therefore, the importance of entrepreneurship program is highlighted in this assignment and it also focuses on five significant areas: Creation and development of new firms Success rates of entrepreneurial activities Global entrepreneurship in developing economies Degree of risks or safety of entrepreneurial programs Present entrepreneurs and innovative technology Creation and Development of New Firms In recent age, the em erging economies of the world are always trying to develop large number of new firms so as to improve their financial condition. Along with this, it also helps in improving the profit margin and revenue of the firms might also be improved. It also helps in enhancement of the employment rates resulting in upliftment of the living standards of the citizens of the economies. As a result, the reputation of the developing economy increases to a certain extent among other neighboring ones in the entire world. For the above reasons, the rate of entrepreneurship is increasing day by day and thereby improving the prospects of the firms and the employees as well. This is mainly because, the entrepreneurs of recent age are extremely talented and intelligent and comprise of excellent management and leadership skills that are extremely essential to control and operate any business firm or organization in this competitive age. As a result, the level of interaction among the employees and the mana gement is extremely high resulting in invention of varied types of new ideas and facts that might result in betterment of the organization (Yalcin & Kapu, 2008, p. 31). So, the prospect of the entrepreneurship has been increasing and it is resulting in amplification of the rate of development of new firms in the emerging economies. Success Rates of Entrepreneurial Activities As the entrepreneurs of recent age always try to develop and introduce new ideas and information for the betterment of the firm. This is done only after analyzing the situation and the strengths and weaknesses of the firm. By doing so, an entrepreneur might attain get a better analysis of the essential requirements of the firm. On the basis of that, the entrepreneur might develop the plans and the strategies that might lead to its betterment. Along with this, after the plans are finalized, the goals and objectives are also developed after consulting with the other employees of the firm. Then, to attain such obje ctives, the innovative skills and talents as well as equipments are introduced within the employees of the organization. Therefore, with the coordinated efforts of the employees, equipments and management, the objectives might be surely achieved resulting in success of the organization. Due to which, the working condition of the organization improved resulting in enhancement of the rate of devotion of the employees towards work. This is the